动词第三人称单数

一、规则变形：直接加 -s/-es

大多数动词：直接加 -s

例：play → plays, read → reads, work → works

She plays the piano every day.

以 -s, -x, -ch, -sh 结尾 → 加 -es

发音需要额外音节，避免与单数混淆。

例：watch → watches, fix → fixes, pass → passes, wash → washes

He fixes cars for a living.

以辅音字母 + y 结尾 → 变 y 为 i 加 -es

元音 + y 直接加 -s（如 play → plays）。

例：study → studies, carry → carries, try → tries

The baby cries loudly at night.

以 -o 结尾 → 加 -es

部分例外直接加 -s（如 piano → pianos）。

例：go → goes, do → does, echo → echoes

She goes to school by bus.

二、不规则变形：特殊记忆！

have → has

He has a new phone.

be → is

She is a teacher.

其他罕见变形（古英语遗留）

例：say → says（注意发音 /sez/）

He says he loves you.

三、否定句 & 疑问句中的第三人称单数

否定句：does + not (doesn’t) + 动词原形

❌ She doesn’t plays → ✅ She doesn’t play.

疑问句：Does + 主语 + 动词原形？

❌ Does he likes coffee? → ✅ Does he like coffee?

四、易错点总结

忘记加 -s/-es

❌ She read → ✅ She reads.

疑问句/否定句中误加 -s

❌ Does she works here? → ✅ Does she work here?

以 -y 结尾的动词混淆

❌ He studys → ✅ He studies.

不规则动词变形错误

❌ He haves → ✅ He has.

规则对比表

动词原形

第三人称单数

规则

play

plays

直接加 -s

watch

watches

-ch 结尾加 -es

study

studies

辅音+y → 变 i 加 -es

go

goes

-o 结尾加 -es

have

has

不规则变形

小测试：写出以下动词的第三人称单数形式！

teach → ______

fly → ______

do → ______

wash → ______

say → ______

答案：

teaches

flies

does

washes

says

口诀速记：

-s/-es 看结尾，辅音y变i别忘记；

疑问否定原形留，have变has要牢记！